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Physiology

Physiology is the scientific study of the functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, it focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical and physical functions in a living system.
Sub-categories:

Explore the functions of the heart and blood vessels, understanding the dynamics of blood flow and the intricate regulation of the circulatory system.

Delve into the workings of the nervous system, including signal transmission, neural function, and the brain's role in controlling bodily functions.

Study the processes involved in breathing and gas exchange, crucial for maintaining homeostasis and responding to environmental changes.

Learn about muscle function, bone physiology, and the interactions that enable movement and support through the musculoskeletal system.

Understand kidney function, fluid balance, and the vital role of the renal system in waste removal and electrolyte balance.

Investigate the digestive system's processes, from nutrient absorption to waste elimination, and the regulation of gastrointestinal functions.

Examine hormone production and regulation, and how the endocrine system coordinates metabolism, growth, and reproduction.

Focus on the biological and hormonal processes underlying sexual development, reproductive health, and fertility.

Study the immune system's response to pathogens, and the balance required to maintain health and fight diseases.

Analyze cellular functions, the life cycle of cells, and the signaling pathways that govern cell health, behavior, and communication.

Understand how physical activity impacts bodily functions, and the adaptations that occur in response to exercise stress.

Explore how physiological processes are altered in various diseases and disorders, providing insight into symptoms and potential treatments.

Compare the physiological mechanisms across different species to understand evolutionary adaptations and ecological interactions.

Examine changes in organ function and system development from conception through to adulthood.

Investigate how organisms adapt to environmental factors such as temperature, altitude, and water stress.

Study the functioning of the senses, including sight, hearing, taste, touch, and smell, and their role in interpreting the environment.