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Endocrinology

Endocrinology is a branch of medicine that focuses on the endocrine system, the glands that release hormones, and the regulation of metabolism, reproduction, and growth. It covers various disorders, treatments, and research related to hormonal imbalances and their impact on the human body.
Sub-categories:

Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic high blood sugar levels due to the body's inability to produce or respond to insulin effectively.

Thyroid Disorders encompass conditions such as hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroiditis, and goiter, affecting the thyroid gland's hormone production and regulation.

Adrenal Disorders include conditions like Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome, and adrenal insufficiency, which affect adrenal gland function and hormone secretion.

Pituitary Gland Disorders cover abnormalities of the pituitary gland, including pituitary tumors, acromegaly, and prolactinoma, affecting growth and hormonal balance.

Reproductive Endocrinology focuses on hormone-related disorders impacting fertility and reproductive health, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis.

Metabolic Bone Diseases explore conditions like osteoporosis and rickets related to bone metabolism and mineral deficiencies.

Lipid Disorders examine abnormalities in cholesterol and triglyceride levels that can lead to cardiovascular diseases.

Growth Disorders are a spectrum of conditions that result in abnormal growth patterns in children and adolescents, often due to hormonal imbalances.

Hypogonadism refers to the decreased function of the gonads, resulting in inadequate production of sex hormones and associated with conditions like Klinefelter syndrome.

Endocrine Hypertension is high blood pressure caused by hormone activity, commonly associated with adrenal tumors or thyroid dysfunction.

Obesity and Weight Management focuses on the hormonal influences on appetite, metabolism, and body weight, and their implications for health.

Osteomalacia and Rickets relate to the softening of bones due to vitamin D deficiency, pertinent in children (rickets) and adults (osteomalacia).

Hormone Replacement Therapy discusses the treatment of conditions due to hormone deficiencies using medications to restore normal hormone levels.

Endocrine Tumors and Cancer deal with malignant growths within the endocrine system, including the thyroid, adrenal glands, and pancreatic islets.

Parathyroid Disorders encompass conditions affecting calcium and phosphorus balance, including hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism.

Pediatric Endocrinology specializes in hormone-related disorders in children, from growth and puberty issues to congenital adrenal hyperplasia.