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Physical Geography

Physical Geography deals with the study of natural features of the Earth's surface, including landforms, climate systems, and ecosystems. This field examines the processes that shape our planet's physical characteristics and how they interact with the environment.
Sub-categories:

Geomorphology focuses on the study and analysis of the Earth's landforms, their origins, and the processes that have shaped them over time.

Hydrology explores the distribution, circulation, and properties of water on the Earth, encompassing rivers, lakes, and groundwater systems.

Glaciology examines the glaciers and ice sheets of the Earth, analyzing their properties, movements, and impact on the global climate and sea levels.

Biogeography studies the distribution of plant and animal species across physical spaces, taking into account the environmental factors influencing biodiversity.

Pedology entails the examination of soils, their formation, classification, and distribution, and their crucial role in supporting ecosystems.

Meteorology is the science of the atmosphere that focuses on weather processes and forecasting, analyzing phenomena like precipitation, winds, and storms.

Climatology studies the long-term patterns and averages of the weather, including the causes and effects of climatic change and variations.

Oceanography investigates the physical and biological properties of the world's oceans, sea life, and marine environments.

Coastal Geography analyzes coastal regions, their dynamic environments, and how they are affected by human activity and natural processes.

Landscape Ecology scrutinizes the interaction between spatial patterns and ecological processes across various landscapes and scales.

Palaeogeography explores the historical changes in the Earth's continents, oceans, and climate patterns through geological time.

Environmental Geography examines the relationships between humans and their environment, emphasizing sustainability and conservation.

Topography studies the Earth's surface shape and features, including the mapping and charting of land elevations and geographic positions.

Soil Science delves into the study of soil as a natural resource, including its formation, classification, and mapping.

Quaternary Science investigates the environmental changes that occurred during the Quaternary Period, the most recent geological time frame.

Volcanology is the scientific study of volcanoes, lava, magma, and related geological, geophysical, and geochemical phenomena.